Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients with Advanced Osteoarthritis

Abstract

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disorder associated with chronic pain, restricted mobility, and functional disability. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective surgical intervention for patients with advanced osteoarthritis who fail to respond to conservative treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes following total knee arthroplasty.

Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included 40 patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty at a tertiary care hospital. Patients were evaluated preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively. Clinical and functional outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), knee range of motion, and Knee Society Clinical and Functional Scores. Postoperative complications were also evaluated.

Results: The majority of patients were aged 60–69 years (45.0%), and 65.0% were female. Mean VAS pain scores decreased from 7.8 ± 1.1 preoperatively to 1.5 ± 0.8 at six months. Mean knee flexion improved from 92.5 ± 12.4° to 116.8 ± 8.9°. Knee Society Clinical Scores increased from 38.6 ± 9.4 to 85.6 ± 7.5, while Functional Scores improved from 42.5 ± 10.6 to 82.8 ± 8.4. Excellent or good clinical outcomes were observed in 90.0% of patients, and 80.0% achieved independent walking. No postoperative complications were reported in 80.0% of patients.

Conclusion: Total knee arthroplasty demonstrated favorable early clinical and functional outcomes, with substantial pain relief, improved knee mobility, and greater functional independence in patients with advanced osteoarthritis.