Immune Dysregulation in Vitamin D Deficiency: A Case-Control Analysis of  Inflammatory Cytokines and Cardiovascular and renal Implications

Ali Saqlain Haider, Zobia Shakil, Irfana Hassan, Muhammad Ahmad Raza Butt, Nadeem Abbas, Khadija Kiran, Oluwadamilola Onanuga

Immune Dysregulation in Vitamin D Deficiency: A Case-Control Analysis of Inflammatory Cytokines and Cardiovascular and renal Implications

Authors

Ali Saqlain Haider, Zobia Shakil, Irfana Hassan, Muhammad Ahmad Raza Butt, Nadeem Abbas, Khadija Kiran, Oluwadamilola Onanuga

Keywords:

vitamin D deficiency; inflammatory cytokines; cardiovascular dysfunction.

Abstract

Deficiency of vitamin D has increasingly been implicated in immune dysregulation and in thepathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disorders. In this case-control analysis we aimed to investigate the associations

References

Enercioğlu AK. The Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Vitamin D for Improving Immune Function and Reducing Inflammation in Chronic Disease. Molecules. 2024. PMC

Haider F, et al. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Update. Journal of Clinical Medicine (review). 2023. PMC

Downloads

Published

2025-10-28

How to Cite

Ali Saqlain Haider, Zobia Shakil, Irfana Hassan, Muhammad Ahmad Raza Butt, Nadeem Abbas, Khadija Kiran, Oluwadamilola Onanuga. (2025). Immune Dysregulation in Vitamin D Deficiency: A Case-Control Analysis of Inflammatory Cytokines and Cardiovascular and renal Implications. International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 15(2), 2744–2751. Retrieved from https://www.ijprt.org/index.php/pub/article/view/1112