Analysis of Maxillary and Mandibular Incisors Bony Support in Different Skeletal Pattern-A Cbct Study

Abstract

Introduction: Achieving the intended dentoalveolar changes is one of the main objectives of orthodontic therapy. The right biomechanics must be considered by the orthodontists based on dentoalveolar anatomy and growth pattern.                                                                          

Aims and objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the bony support of maxillary and mandibular incisors in different skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and to assess variations in alveolar bone thickness and incisor position across skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III relationships.

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional observational study has been done in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, India, from March 2023 to January 2025.Total 66 CBCT scan of bengali patients aged between 14yrs to 26yrs is taken randomely from archive of the institution.

Result: In the Maxilla, No significant difference was found in Maxillary Incisor Inclination (118.73 ± 1.13°, 117.33 ± 3.22°, and 118.42 ± 7.05°, respectively; P = 0.59) or Maxillary Incisal Angle (118.67 ± 1.24°, 121.21 ± 6.36°, and 117.72 ± 11.35°, respectively; P = 0.33). For Maxillary Buccal Cancellous Bone Thickness, Hypodivergent subjects (2.17 ± 0.40 mm) had significantly greater values compared to Normodivergent (1.74 ± 0.24 mm) and Hyperdivergent (1.63 ± 0.78 mm) groups (P = 0.0046).

Conclusion: This study used the improved imaging capability of the CBCT to investigate the relationship between vertical facial patterns and upper-lower anterior tooth-alveolar morphology in the Bengali population. Overall, statistically significant differences were found between the facial types for most of the categories measured including buccal cortical bone thickness, lingual cortical bone thickness, and root length, while medullary as well as cortical bone thickness was significantly higher in hypodivergent facial types.