To Study Mean Platelet Volume in Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Gujarat

Abstract

Background: Platelet activation drives intracoronary thrombus formation in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Mean platelet volume (MPV)—a routinely reported hematological index—has emerged as a surrogate of platelet reactivity, but its role in Indian AMI populations remains under explored. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study in the Medicine Emergency of GMERS Medical College & Hospital, Gandhinagar (March 2023–February 2024). Ninety consecutive adults presenting within 24 h of ST elevation (STEMI) or non ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) were compared with 90 age and sex matched controls free of clinical coronary artery disease. MPV and complete blood counts were obtained within 24 h using a SYSMEX XN 350 analyser. Associations between MPV and demographic factors, cardiovascular risk factors, infarct phenotype, in hospital complications and mortality were examined with parametric/non parametric statistics (α = 0.05). Results: Cases and controls were comparable in age (55.7 ± 9.5 vs 53.4 ± 8.0 y; p = 0.07) and sex distribution (M 74% vs 72%). Mean MPV was markedly higher in AMI (9.81 ± 0.61 fL) than in controls (8.16 ± 1.03 fL; p < 0.001). After stratification, MPV showed no significant variation with sex, smoking, hypertension or diabetes, but rose with age (≥ 60 y: 10.06 ± 0.66 fL) and prior MI (10.1 ± 0.56 fL; p = 0.03). MPV did not differ between STEMI and NSTEMI or among infarct locations. In hospital mortality was 13.3%; non survivors exhibited higher MPV than survivors (9.9 ± 0.84 vs 9.80 ± 0.56 fL; p = 0.039). Conclusion: Elevated MPV is independently associated with first day AMI and with prior infarction and mortality, underscoring its potential as a rapid, inexpensive prognostic biomarker in resource limited Indian settings.