Association Between Tobacco Use, Oral Health Status, and Cardiovascular  Risk Factors in Adults

Umm E Farva, Asma Siddiqi, Abid Ali Ranjha, Mustansar Billah, Rehana kausar, Muhammad Sami Iqbal

Association Between Tobacco Use, Oral Health Status, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults

Authors

Umm E Farva, Asma Siddiqi, Abid Ali Ranjha, Mustansar Billah, Rehana kausar, Muhammad Sami Iqbal

Keywords:

Tobacco use; Periodontal disease; Oral health; Cardiovascular risk; Framingham Risk Score; Hypertension; Dyslipidemia; Systemic inflammation.

Abstract

Background: Tobacco consumption represents a primary preventable cause of global morbidityand mortality, contributing significantly to both oral mucosal/periodontal degradation and systemic cardiovascular pathology. While the individual links

References

1. World Health Organization. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2021: Addressing New and Emerging Products. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021.

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Published

2026-11-02

How to Cite

Umm E Farva, Asma Siddiqi, Abid Ali Ranjha, Mustansar Billah, Rehana kausar, Muhammad Sami Iqbal. (2026). Association Between Tobacco Use, Oral Health Status, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults . International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 16(2), 7590–7609. Retrieved from https://www.ijprt.org/index.php/pub/article/view/3513