“Prescription Pattern and Utilization of Proton Pump Inhibitors among Hospitalized Patients: a Retrospective Observational Study”

Abstract

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed among hospitalized patients for acid-related disorders and gastroprotection. However, inappropriate prescribing without a documented indication may result in unnecessary medication exposure. This study evaluated the prescription pattern and utilization of PPIs among hospitalized patients.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among 200 hospitalized patients who received at least one PPI. Demographic characteristics, prescribed PPI, dose, frequency, route, indication, duration of therapy, concomitant medications, and appropriateness of prescribing were assessed from medical records.

Results: The mean age of patients was 44.1 ± 17.3 years, with males comprising 54.0%. Pantoprazole (66.0%) was the most frequently prescribed PPI, followed by omeprazole (27.0%). Pantoprazole 40 mg once daily was the most common regimen (56.0%). Oral administration predominated (60.0%). Acid-related gastrointestinal disorders were the commonest indication (28.0%), followed by gastroprotection with NSAIDs/steroids (21.5%). Most patients received PPIs for 1–5 days (64.0%). Overall, 40.0% of prescriptions were fully appropriate, whereas 60.0% were inappropriate or unclear.

Conclusion: Pantoprazole was the predominant PPI used among hospitalized patients. Substantial inappropriate or inadequately justified prescribing was observed, highlighting the need for regular prescription review and indication-based PPI therapy.