Alterations in Lipid Profile and Anthropometric Indices in Osteoporotic Females: A Case–Control Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the alterations in anthropometric indices and fasting lipid profiles in postmenopausal females diagnosed with osteoporosis compared to age-matched healthy controls, and to assess the metabolic interplay between bone mineral density decline and dyslipidemia.

Materials and Methods: A hospital-based case–control study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Punjab, Pakistan. The study enrolled 73 osteoporotic females stratified by vitamin D deficiency severity, alongside 20 healthy female controls. Data were expressed as mean ± SD and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc testing. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: Osteoporotic females exhibited significantly higher mean age, body weight, and BMI compared to controls (p < 0.001). Lipid profile analysis revealed a marked dyslipidemic pattern in osteoporotic groups: significantly elevated Tch, TG, and LDL levels, coupled with significantly reduced HDL concentrations (all p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Osteoporosis in females is significantly associated with adverse anthropometric changes and atherogenic lipid alterations. These findings underscore a shared metabolic pathway between bone loss and lipid dysregulation, advocating for integrated metabolic screening and targeted lifestyle interventions in osteoporotic management.