Prevalence and Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas in Urinary TractInfections: A Retrospective Observational study:Insights from a tertiary care hospital, North Karnataka

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common infections encountered by clinicians and one of the leading causes of morbidity in human population. Pseudomonas is an important uropathogen, that has shown varied antibiotic susceptibility patterns.

Aims and Objective: This study focuses on reviewing and analysing the prevalence of Pseudomonas spp in Urinary tract infection & to assess the Antibiotic susceptible pattern of the Pseudomonas at Ballari Medical college and research centre BMCRC, Ballari, Karnataka.

Materials and Methods: A Retrospective study was conducted by collecting urinary   infection samples from 1/7/2022 to 30/6/2023. Urine samplesunderwent initial procedures like Urine Microscopy analysis i.e Wet Mount and were inoculated on various culture plates. Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby – Bauer disk diffusion methodand results interpreted as per CLSI guidelines.All the culture and sensitivity reports of urine with positive Pseudomonas spp showing ≥ 10⁵CFU /ml were considered as significant bacteriuria

Results: A total of 6,084 urine samples were analyzed during the one-year study period. Among these, 1,903 showed significant bacteriuria, and Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 354 culture-positive samples. Pseudomonas spp. was the third most common urinary pathogen after Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Multidrug resistance was identified in 122 isolates. Among the antibiotics tested, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, and imipenem showed the highest in vitro susceptibility against the Pseudomonas isolates.Meropenem (93.22%), piperacillin-tazobactam (92.94%), and imipenem (90.40%) showed the highest antimicrobial susceptibility among the Pseudomonas isolates.

Conclusion: The study highlights the increasing occurrence of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas spp. in urinary tract infections and is a major clinical concern. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the implementation of effective antibiotic stewardship programs are essential to guide appropriate therapy and prevent the further development of antimicrobial resistance. In this study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern observed suggests effective options for treatment, emphasizing the need for ongoing surveillance to adapt to resistance patterns.