Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Markers (Tac, Tos, Gsh) In Patients with Copd and Their Correlation with Cardiovascular Risk

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate oxidative stress markers—Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), and reduced glutathione (GSH)—in the patients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to mainly determine their actual correlation with the cardiovascular risk.

Study Design and Setting: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonology and Internal Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from 1 November 2024 to 30 April 2025.

Methodology: A total of 140 diagnosed COPD patients were mainly being enrolled using the consecutive sampling. Oxidative stress markers including the TAC, TOS, as well as serum GSH levels were measured using the standardized spectrophotometric form of methods. To aid in the estimation of the cardiovascular risk, the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and assessment of the lipid profile and the blood pressure were counted. Cardiovascular risk parameters and the oxidative stress markers were analysed using correlation. All the participants were provided with informed consent and the ethical approval was obtained (ERC No: 2023-45).

Results: COPD patients demonstrated significantly elevated TOS levels and reduced TAC and GSH levels compared to reference values. It was discovered that patients with high risk cardiovascular patients were significantly higher in TOS (p<0.001) and significantly lower in TAC and GSH (p<0.001). TOS was exerting a strong negative connection with Framingham Risk Score (r= -0.58), TAC and GSH made mild negative correlations (r= -0.46 and r= -0.49 respectively).

Conclusions: COPD patients exhibit significant oxidative imbalance that correlates positively with cardiovascular risk.A possible indicator of assisting COPD patients (exposed to cardiovascular complications) could be the indicators of oxidative stress.