Correlation Between Serum Creatinine Levels and Severity of Pre eclampsia: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Pre-eclampsia, a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder, is a leading contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early identification of biomarkers that can reflect the severity of this condition is essential for guiding timely intervention and improving outcomes. Objective: To determine the relationship between serum creatinine levels and the severity of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women. Methods: This analytical case-control study was conducted at Gauhati Medical College & Hospital over one year. A total of 300 pregnant women beyond 20 weeks of gestation were enrolled—150 normotensive controls and 150 pre-eclamptic patients (75 mild, 75 severe). Serum creatinine levels were evaluated and correlated with disease severity. Results: The mean serum creatinine values among the study groups were: control group –0.56 ± 0.08 mg/dL, mild pre-eclampsia –0.61 ± 0.10 mg/dL, and severe pre-eclampsia –0.74 ± 0.29 mg/dL. A statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.488, p <0.0001) was observed between serum creatinine levels and disease severity. Conclusion: Elevated serum creatinine levels correspond with increasing severity of pre-eclampsia. This suggests its potential role as a reliable and accessible marker for identifying severe cases, thereby aiding clinical decision-making.