Skeletal Muscle–Liver Crosstalk and Its Association With Insulin Resistance  and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross Sectional Study

Nadeem Abbas, Asad Mehmood, Khudija Bibi, Jahanzaib, Baseera Imran, Ambreen Zeeshan

Skeletal Muscle–Liver Crosstalk and Its Association With Insulin Resistance and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross Sectional Study

Authors

Nadeem Abbas, Asad Mehmood, Khudija Bibi, Jahanzaib, Baseera Imran, Ambreen Zeeshan

Keywords:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Skeletal muscle–liver crosstalk; Insulin resistance; Glycemic control; C-peptide; Fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c; Hepatic glucose production.

Abstract

Background:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ischaracterized by insulin resistance,progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, and impaired regulation of hepatic glucoseproduction. Skeletal muscle and the liverserve as primary organs governing peripheralglucose clearance and endogenous glucoseoutput, respectively.

References

1. DeFronzo RA, Bonadonna RC, Ferrannini E.Pathogenesis of NIDDM. A balanced overview. Diabetes Care. 1992;15(3):318368. doi:10.2337/diacare.15.3.318.

2. DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E, Simonson DC. Fasting hyperglycemia in non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus: contributions of excessive hepatic glucose production and impaired tissue glucose uptake. Metabolism. 1989;38(4):387–395.

doi:10.1016/00260495(89)90129-7.

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Published

2026-10-24

How to Cite

Nadeem Abbas, Asad Mehmood, Khudija Bibi, Jahanzaib, Baseera Imran, Ambreen Zeeshan. (2026). Skeletal Muscle–Liver Crosstalk and Its Association With Insulin Resistance and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross Sectional Study. International Journal of Pharmacy Research & Technology (IJPRT), 16(2), 7010–7021. Retrieved from https://www.ijprt.org/index.php/pub/article/view/3437