Knowledge and Practice of Breast Self-Examination among Female Undergraduate Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern India

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Early detection significantly reduces morbidity and mortality. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple, cost-effective screening method; however, its practice remains inadequate.

Objectives: To assess the awareness and practice of breast self-examination and to evaluate the knowledge–practice gap among female undergraduate medical students.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 93 female MBBS students at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Durgapur, West Bengal. Data were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used, and a one-sample proportion test was applied. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: All participants were aware of breast cancer and its early detection methods. However, only 70% practiced BSE. A statistically significant knowledge–practice gap was observed (Z = 5.79, p <0.001). The most common reason for non-practice was lack of knowledge regarding the correct technique (41%).

Conclusion: Despite universal awareness, the practice of BSE remains suboptimal. Structured, skill-based training interventions are required to bridge this gap.